Salvatore Quasimodo was born in Modica, 20 August 1901. His father was a railway worker and was therefore forced to travel frequently with your family. The small Salvatore attended the first classes in Gela where he probably wrote his first poems. Immediately after the catastrophic earthquake of 1908 he moved to Messina, where Gaetano Quasimodo had been called to reorganize the local station. Prior to the family home, like many other survivors, were the rail cars. Experience of pain and tragic early that he would leave a deep impression in the mind of the poet. In the city of the Strait Quasimodo he studied until the achievement, in 1919, graduated from the Technical Institute "AM Jaci" section mathematical physics. At the time where he attended the "Jaci" dates from an event of fundamental importance to its human and artistic: the beginning of its partnership with Salvatore Pugliatti and Giorgio La Pira, who would then lasted a lifetime.
years Quasimodo Messina began to write poetry, publishing journals local symbols. In 1919, just eighteen, he left Sicily with Quasimodo which would maintain a link Oedipus, and settled in Rome. During this period he continued to write verses on local magazines published especially Messina, he found a way to study Latin and greek Vatican monsignor at the Tindaro Rampolla.
Taking the Ministry of Public Works, with the allocation to the Genius Civil Reggio Calabria, finally secured a Quasimodo daily survival. But surveying activities for him hard and completely extraneous to his literary interests, it seemed more and more away from poetry and, perhaps for the first time, Quasimodo had sunk for ever consider their own poetic ambitions. However, the approximation to Sicily, the resumed contacts with friends Messina early youth, especially the "find" with Salvatore Pugliatti, an eminent jurist and a fine connoisseur of poetry, won him the desire to rekindle languishing, to ensure that Quasimodo resumption of verses decade of the Roman Empire, for limarli and add new ones. Thus was born within the first Messina nucleus of land and water. Quasimodo
In 1929 he went to Florence, where his brother Elio Vittorini introduced into the environment of the Solaria, letting him know his literary friends, Alexander Bonsanti, Arturo Loire, Gianna Manzini, Eugenio Montale, who sensed immediately talents of the young Sicilian. And just for the editions of "Solaria" (which had published some poems by Quasimodo) was released in 1930 lands and waters, the first book of poetic story of Quasimodo, welcomed with enthusiasm by critics of that greeted the birth of a new poet. In 1932 he won the prize FARM, sponsored by the magazine and in the same year, in editions of "circles", was released Oboe submerged. In 1934 Quasimodo moved to Milan, which marked a particularly significant turning point in his life and not just artistic. Accepted in the group of "current" found himself at the center of a sort of literary society, which included poets, musicians, painters, sculptors. Quasimodo published in 1936 with G. Scheiwiller Erato and Apollyon (foreword by Sergio Solmi) are a lucky book, which concluded the phase of its hermetic poetry. In 1938 he quit his job at the Civil Engineering and began publishing activities as Secretary of Cesare Zavattini, who later he will join the editorial staff of the weekly "Tempo." Also in 1938, for "first editions plans" came the first major anthology Poetry, with an introductory essay by Oreste Macri, who was among the key contributions of critical quasimodiana. The poet, meanwhile, contributed to the magazine main Hermeticism, the Florentine "literature." Quasimodo
In 1939-40 he developed the translation of Greek lyric poetry, which came out in 1942 editions of "current" and that, for its value to the original creative work, will then be revised and republished several times. Also released in 1942 by Mondadori, and is now evening. In 1941 he was granted for the highest repute, the chair of Italian Literature at the Conservatorio "G. Verdi" in Milan. Teaching that held until his death.
During the war, despite many difficulties, Quasimodo continued to work hard: he continued to write verse, translated several Carmina of Catullus, parts of the Odyssey, The flower of the Georgics, the Gospel according to John, Sophocles' Oedipus Rex (all works which will be released after the liberation ). Activity of this translator, who Quasimodo brought forward in subsequent years, in parallel to its production and with exceptional results thanks to the refined experience as a writer. Large number of his translations: from Ruskin, Aeschylus, Shakespeare, Moliere, Palatine by the anthology, from Ovid's Metamorphoses, and still Cummings, Neruda, Aiken, Euripides, Eluard. In 1947, published by Mondadori, released its first collection after the war, day after day, that book was a turning point in the poetry of Quasimodo, the point that was talk and keep talking with a first and a second Quasimodo. In fact, the shocking and tragic experience of World War II, the firm belief that the categorical imperative was to "redo the man" and that poets play an important role in this rebuilding, meant that Quasimodo felt inadequate to the times a poem too subjective, to renounce the trobar clus of his first manner and opened to a more open and friendly dialogue, suffused with human pity, but remained faithful to his rigor, his driving style. This aspect explains why the first poem Resistance Quasimodo's almost always exceeds the rock of the rhetoric and put on a higher plane than to the type European poetry of those years, and second, that there is no real break, except that, being consistent with their poetic reasons, the poet, who lived historical time-sensitive, allowed social and ethical issues, and consequently their varied style. Quasimodo
Since 1948 he held the book in the weekly drama "omnibus" (in 1950, again, as holder of the same book, he turned to the weekly "Time"). In 1949 came at the Mondadori Life is not a dream, still inspired, even if a little wearily, climate Resistance. Quasimodo in 1950 received the award in 1953 and San Babila Etna-Taormina with Dylan Thomas. In 1954 he went to the publisher Schwarz The false and true green book of crisis, which starts a third phase of Quasimodo's poem, which reflects a changing political climate. From the pre-war and post-conflict issues is passed slowly than those of consumerism, technology, neo-capitalism, typical of the "civilization of the atom," the poet denounces as folds in on itself and changes once again his poetic instrumentation . The language becomes once more complex, more rugged, Quasimodo from the news media also lexemes, the rhythm becomes more dry, causing confusion in those who would always equal to the poet himself. The land unparalleled followed in 1958 (Mondadori, Milan), Viareggio Prize. Even Quasimodo in 1958 he developed the Italian post-war anthology of poetry in the same year he made a trip to the USSR, during which he was struck by a heart attack, which followed a long illness Botkin Hospital in Moscow.
On December 10, 1959, in Stockholm, Salvatore Quasimodo received the Nobel Prize for literature and read the speech, the poet and politician, was released a year later homonym volume (Schwarz, Milan, 1960) that pulls together the main writings Critical Quasimodo. At the Nobel followed many writings and articles about his work, with a further increase of the translations.
In 1960, the University of Messina he was awarded the degree honoris causa, was also awarded the citizenship Messina. In 1960 the weekly "The Hours" he was given a book of "conversations with readers," he held until 1964, when it passed the "time" with a similar column. Quasimodo in 1966 published his latest book, give and take, a symbolic title for a collection that has a budget of life, as a testament (in fact the poet died two years later).
In 1967 the University of Oxford awarded him an honorary degree.
Struck by a stroke June 14, 1968 Amalfi, where he was presiding over a prize of poetry, died on the car transporting him to Naples.