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Pirandello ventiPirandello photographed over the years is dealt with theoretical issues from a young age. He went to the theories of psychologist Alfred Binet. Published in 1908 Art and Science essays and humor featuring an exhibition of conversational style, far away from the usual philosophical discourse. The two works are an expression of artistic maturation and existential one that involved the Sicilian writer at the beginning of '900 and sees as central to his poetry humor.

Humor
In the essay "Humour" Pirandello distinguishes the comic humor. The first, defined as "the feeling of the opposite," arises when one wants to give a different picture from what it really is. In the essay quoted Pirandello there is an example:
"I see an old lady, her hair dyed, all anointed no one knows what horrible Manteca and then the whole parade of clothes awkwardly raddled and youth. I start to laugh. "I feel" that the old lady is the opposite of what a respectable lady should be. I like that, at first sight and superficially, to arrest this comic expression. The comedian is just a "warning to the contrary."

Humor instead stems from a less superficial view of the situation:
"But now if I spoke in the debate, and I suggested that maybe the old lady did not try to please prepare themselves as a parrot, but perhaps suffers and it does so only because pitifully mistaken that parade as well, hiding the wrinkles and gray hairs, can hold back him the love of her husband much younger than her, here I can no longer laugh as before, because just the thought, working in me, made me go beyond that first warning, or rather, more deeply: from that first warning to the contrary made me go to this sentiment to the contrary. And it's all here the difference between the comic and the humorous. " While the comic

then generates almost immediately laugh because it shows immediately the situation clearly contrary to what would normally be, the humor comes from a more careful reflection that creates a kind of compassion from which originates a smile of understanding. Humor is a sense of a common sense of human fragility that led to a sympathy for the weaknesses of others who are also their own. The humor is less ruthless in judging the comedian immediately.

"we do not stop at appearances, what initially made us laugh now will make us smile at the most. "

The disintegration of the ego identity analysis conducted by Pirandello led him to formulate the theory of the disintegration of the ego. In an article he wrote in 1900:

"Our spirit is of fragments, or rather, distinct elements, more or less in relation to each other, which can break down and reassemble into a new cluster, so to result in a new personality, which, while outside the normal ego consciousness, consciousness has its own separate, independent, which is shown live and in place, obscuring the normal consciousness, or coexisting with it, in cases of true and their splitting of the ego. [...] So that really is true that two people live and work at a time, each for its own account in the same individual. With elements of ourselves so we can write, build more individuality in ourselves, other beings with their own conscience, with his intelligence, live and act. "


When it comes to loss of identity comes into madness, the central theme in many works, such as Henry IV, or as the cap and bells, in which Pirandello put even a recipe for insanity, to say the truth, the unvarnished truth and sharp, never mind the concerns and manners of hypocrisy and social conventions. This behavior will soon lead to isolation from society and, in the eyes of others, to madness.

Relativism psychological
The contrast between life and form of psychological relativism that arises is expressed in two ways: horizontally, or in interpersonal relationships, and vertical, or the relationship that a person has with itself.

Men are born free, but the case for intervening in their lives preclude any Their choice: a man born into a pre-established company where everyone is assigned a second part which must act.

Each is required to take the role and the rules that society imposes, although I would like to appear in a different way: only the intervention of the event may happen to be free to assume a shape to another, from which can no longer be free to go back, as is the protagonist of The Late Mattia Pascal

Man, therefore, can not understand nor the other nor himself, for bringing everyone lives - consciously or, more often unwittingly - a mask behind which stirs a multitude of different personalities and unknowable.

These reflections are the most explicit expression in the fiction novel one, none and one hundred thousand:

One: because each person believes to be a unique individual with particular characteristics;
hundred thousand because the man behind the mask, as personal as are the people who judge us;
No because, paradoxically, if the man indeed has 100,000 persons do not possess any, in the continuous change is not able to stop in his true self.